Much remains classified about what came to be known as the War Scare of 1983. However, the Soviet Union interpreted the exercise as a prelude to a first strike by the United States. NATO was conducting what it considered a routine exercise named Able Archer, a simulation designed to train and test the procedures for shifting from conventional to nuclear war. In early November of 1983 the world may have come closer to nuclear war than at any time since the Cuban Missile Crisis. Instead, the two sides signed an armistice in 1953 that ceased hostilities and formed the Korean Demilitarized Zone, a no-man’s land between the two countries which constituted the new border. No final peace treaty was ever signed to end the Korean War. Eventually, the US stepped in to help the South Korean military, essentially creating a proxy war between the Soviet Union and the United States. The south was unprepared for the aggression and was immediately overrun. When the two major powers withdrew, friction between the north and south finally erupted into war in 1950 when North Koreans invaded the south. The US occupied the south and it oversaw elections that resulted in a democratic government. The zone north of the 38th parallel was occupied by the USSR and it helped the Koreans living there form a communist government.
The United States and the USSR agreed to split Korea into two occupation zones. Japan began ruling Korea in 1910, but ceded control of Korea when it surrendered at the end of WWII.
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